Calcium chloride yog ib yam tshuaj uas muaj cov tshuaj chlorine thiab calcium, nrog rau cov tshuaj formula CaCl2, iab me ntsis. Nws yog ib tug raug ionic halide, uas zoo nkaus li dawb, nyuaj fragments los yog hais nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub. Nws cov kev siv feem ntau suav nrog cov dej ntsev siv hauv cov khoom siv tub yees, cov neeg ua haujlwm deicing, thiab desiccants.
Calcium chloride yog cov xim tsis muaj kob uas tsis muaj kob, dawb los yog greyish dawb, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm granules, honeycomb blocks, spheres, irregular granules, thiab hmoov. Me ntsis tshuaj lom, tsw, thiab me ntsis iab hauv saj. Tshaj tawm rau saum huab cua, nws yog qhov raug rau deliquescence. Nws yooj yim soluble hauv dej thiab muaj solubility ntawm 74.5 g / 100g dej ntawm 20 degree . Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tso tawm ntau cov cua sov (lub dissolution enthalpy ntawm calcium chloride yog -176.2 cal/g), thiab nws cov kua aqueous yog nruab nrab. Yooj yim rau yaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam polar thiab protonic kuab tshuaj, solubility nyob rau hauv cov kuab tshuaj nram qab no (g / 100mL hnyav) ntawm 20 degree: methanol: 29.2, anhydrous ethanol: 25.8, n-propanol: 15.8, n-butanol: 25.0, n-pentanol: 11.5, ethylene glycol: 21.6 (25 degree), formic acid: 43.1, acetic acid: 15.0 (30 degree), hydrazine: 16.0. Tab sis hauv cov kuab tshuaj dipole thiab cov kuab tshuaj tsis tshua muaj polarity, xws li ether, tetrahydrofuran, thiab lwm yam, lawv tsuas yog me ntsis soluble lossis insoluble. React nrog ammonia lossis ethanol los tsim CaCl2 · 8NH3 thiab CaCl2 · 4C2H5OH complexes, feem. Ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, cov tshuaj crystallizes thiab precipitates hexahydrate. Thaum maj mam rhuab mus rau 30 degree, nws dissolves nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej crystalline dej thiab maj mam poob dej. Thaum ntxiv rhuab mus rau 200 degree, nws yuav dihydrate. Thaum ntxiv rhuab mus rau 260 degree, nws ua dawb porous anhydrous calcium chloride. Thaum lub sij hawm cua sov thiab lub cev qhuav dej ntawm hydrated calcium chloride, qee qhov chaw tau txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hydrolysis, ua rau muaj me me ntawm CaO impurities hauv cov khoom.
Siv Industrial:
1.Siv raws li ntau yam desiccant, xws li rau ziab gases xws li nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, hydrogen chloride, sulfur dioxide, thiab lwm yam. Siv raws li ib tug dehydrating neeg sawv cev nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov alcohols, esters, ethers, thiab acrylic resins. Calcium chloride aqueous tov yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov tub yees rau cov tub yees thiab cov dej khov ua, uas tuaj yeem ua kom cov pob zeb tawv tawv thiab ua rau kom txias tsis kam ntawm lub tsev mortar. Nws yog ib lub tsev zoo antifreeze. Siv los ua qhov chaw nres nkoj defogger, txoj kev plua plav collector, thiab cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj. Siv los ua kev tiv thaiv thiab ua kom zoo rau txhuas magnesium metallurgy. Nws yog ib tug precipitant rau ua pas dej pigments. Siv rau deinking pov tseg ntawv ua. Nws yog cov khoom siv los tsim cov calcium ntsev.
2.Chelating tus neeg sawv cev; Curing tus neeg sawv cev; Calcium fortifier; Refrigerant rau khov; Desiccant; Anti-caking agents; Cov tshuaj tua kab mob microbial; Pickling tus neeg sawv cev; Cov koom haum txhim kho cov neeg sawv cev.
3. Siv ua desiccant, txoj kev plua plav collector, defogger, ntaub fireproof tus neeg saib xyuas, zaub mov preservative, thiab nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov calcium ntsev.
4. Siv los ua cov roj nplua nyeem ntxiv.
5. Siv raws li kev tshuaj ntsuam reagent.
6. Feem ntau yog siv los kho tetany, urticaria, exudative edema, plab hnyuv thiab ureteral colic, magnesium lom tshwm sim los ntawm cov ntshav calcium tsawg.
7. Siv los ua calcium fortifier, solidifying agent, chelate agent, and drying agent in the food industry.
8. tuaj yeem ua kom cov kab mob permeability ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov kab mob.
Kev siv zaub mov:
Raws li cov khoom noj khoom haus, calcium chloride tuaj yeem ua raws li tus neeg sawv cev chelating ntau yam thiab ua kom muaj zog. Nws tau raug pom zoo los ntawm European Union rau kev siv ua zaub mov ntxiv, nrog rau E code E509. Feem ntau lees paub tias muaj kev nyab xeeb (GRAS) los ntawm US Food and Drug Administration. Nws kwv yees tias txhua tus neeg noj 160 mus rau 345 milligrams ntawm calcium chloride zaub mov additives ib hnub twg.
Calcium chloride tuaj yeem siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev kho hauv cov kaus poom zaub. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua kom cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua kom cov taum paj, thiab ua cov khoom siv raw rau cov khoom noj khoom haus los ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog sodium alginate rau gelatinize saum npoo ntawm cov zaub thiab kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ua cov pob me me zoo li caviar. Ntxiv raws li electrolyte rau cov dej haus kis las lossis qee cov dej qab zib, suav nrog cov dej hauv lub raj mis. Vim nws muaj zog ntsev saj, calcium chloride tuaj yeem siv los hloov cov ntsev hauv kev tsim cov cucumbers pickled yam tsis tau nce cov ntsiab lus sodium ntawm cov zaub mov. Calcium chloride tuaj yeem txo qhov khov ntawm qhov chaw khov thiab yog siv los ncua qhov khov ntawm caramel hauv cov qhob noom xim kasfes uas muaj caramel.
Calcium chloride yog ntxiv rau npias brewing kev daws teeb meem uas tsis muaj cov zaub mov, vim calcium ions yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv cov txheej txheem npias brewing. Lawv cuam tshuam cov acidity ntawm malt kua txiv thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov poov xab ua haujlwm. Thiab calcium chloride tuaj yeem ua rau qab zib rau brewed npias.
Lwm yam: Hydrated calcium chloride khoom siv tau los ua ib theem hloov lub zog cia khoom. Piv txwv li, hexahydrate calcium chloride tuaj yeem siv rau kev lag luam pov tseg thaum tshav kub kub rov qab thiab hnub ci hluav taws xob tshav kub nqus ntawm qhov nruab nrab thiab qis kub vim nws qhov melting point ntawm 30 degree thiab melting tshav kub (xws li lub tshav kub absorbed thaum lub sij hawm transformation ntawm cov khoom los ntawm cov khoom rau cov kua ntawm Qhov kub thiab txias) ncav cuag 190 kJ / mol. Txawm li cas los xij, nws zoo ib yam li tag nrho cov inorganic hydrate ntsev theem hloov cov ntaub ntawv thiab muaj teeb meem loj ntawm undercooling (nws undercooling nce mus txog 20 degree C), uas yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov nucleating agents kom kov yeej.
Calcium chloride ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev ua kom nrawm rau qhov chaw pib hauv pob zeb, tab sis cov tshuaj chloride ions tuaj yeem ua rau corrosion ntawm steel tuav, yog li calcium chloride tsis tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov pob zeb ntxiv. Anhydrous calcium chloride tuaj yeem muab qee qhov dej noo rau pob zeb vim nws hygroscopicity.
Calcium chloride kuj yog ib qho ntxiv hauv cov yas thiab cov tua hluav taws. Nws ua haujlwm raws li kev lim dej hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab thiab ua ib qho ntxiv hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob kom tswj tau qhov sib sau ua ke thiab adhesion ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv, yog li zam cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Nws kuj ua raws li diluent hauv cov ntaub softeners.
Lub exothermic xwm ntawm calcium chloride dissolution ua rau nws haum rau siv nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej cua sov kaus poom thiab cua sov pads.
Hauv kev lag luam roj av, calcium chloride yog siv los ua kom qhov ntom ntom ntawm cov dej tsis muaj ntsev, thiab tseem tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau lub sijhawm aqueous ntawm emulsified drilling kua los txhawm rau nthuav cov av nplaum. Raws li ib tug flux, nws plays lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv txo lub melting point nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov metallic sodium los ntawm David txoj kev ntawm electrolytic melting ntawm sodium chloride. Thaum ua cov ceramics, calcium chloride yog siv los ua ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv, uas tshem tawm cov av nplaum hauv cov tshuaj, ua kom yooj yim siv cov av nplaum thaum lub sij hawm grouting.
teeb meem xav tau kev saib xyuas:
Yog tias cov plua plav tau nqus tsis tau, kev noj yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv. Plua plav tuaj yeem hlawv, ua rau lub qhov ntswg, qhov ncauj, thiab caj pas, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau lub qhov ntswg thiab ua rau lub qhov ntswg puas; Cov hmoov qhuav tuaj yeem ua rau tawv nqaij, thaum cov tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau khaus khaus lossis hlawv tawv nqaij.
Tom qab kev sib cuag ntawm daim tawv nqaij, tshem tawm cov khaub ncaws tsis huv thiab yaug nrog dej txaus.
Yog tias ob lub qhov muag los rau hauv kev sib cuag thiab nqa daim tawv muag, yaug nrog cov dej ntws los yog cov kua qaub physiological thiab nrhiav kev kho mob.
Yog tias nqus tau los yog nqus tau yuam kev: Tshem tawm ntawm qhov chaw mus rau qhov chaw uas muaj huab cua ntshiab. Yog tias ua pa nyuaj, muab cov pa oxygen thiab nrhiav kev kho mob. Haus dej sov kom ntau kom ntuav. Nrhiav kev kho mob.
Teb ceev xwm ceev:
Cais thaj chaw muaj kab mob thiab txwv kev nkag thiab tawm. Tsis txhob muaj plua plav, cheb kom zoo, muab tso rau hauv lub hnab thiab hloov mus rau qhov chaw nyab xeeb lossis thauj mus rau qhov chaw pov tseg pov tseg.
Kev ceev faj ua haujlwm:
Kaw kev ua haujlwm thiab ntxiv dag zog rau qhov cua. Cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau txais kev cob qhia tshwj xeeb thiab ua raws li cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm. Nws raug nquahu kom cov neeg ua haujlwm hnav tus kheej-priming lim hom plua plav qhov ncauj qhov ntswg kom tsis txhob tsim cov plua plav. Thaum tuav, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom thauj khoom thiab tshem tawm nrog kev saib xyuas kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub ntim thiab ntim.
Kev ceev faj cia:
Khaws nyob rau hauv ib lub warehouse txias thiab ventilated. Lub thawv ntim yuav tsum tau muab kaw kom tsis txhob ya raws. Cais los ntawm cov khoom tsis zoo.